H2 Literature Paper - Unseen Ms K

The work is to be uploaded by 10am on 3 Feb 2016. Critical commentary on changes brought about by industrialisation

B!! Leisure W. H. Davies

What is this life if, full of care,

We have no time to stand and stare.

No time to stand beneath the boughs

And stare as long as sheep or cows.

No time to see, when woods we pass,

Where squirrels hide their nuts in grass.   nATURALITY

No time to see, in broad daylight,

Streams full of stars, like skies at night.  CONNECTIONS

No time to turn at Beauty's glance,

And watch her feet, how they can dance.   Nature is Beautiful

No time to wait till her mouth can       Break in rhythm

Enrich that smile her eyes began.

A poor life this if, full of care,        Uncertainty to sadness

We have no time to stand and stare.

Links Beauty to nature.

A!11Cynddylan on a Tractor R S Thomas  RHYME

Ah, you should see Cynddylan on a tractor.
Gone the old look that yoked him to the soil,    animalisation of human
He's a new man now, part of the machine,
His nerves of metal and his blood oil.
The clutch curses, but the gears obey
His least bidding, and lo, he's away
Out of the farmyard, scattering hens.
Riding to work now as a great man should,      seemingly glorifies industrialisation
He is the knight at arms breaking the fields'     Knight- Defending but he's actually offensive
Mirror of silence, emptying the wood         Fragility of nature contrasted with crude machines
Of foxes and squirrels and bright jays.      disrupting other creature from their rightful habitat.
The sun comes over the tall trees                        nature's absolute power
Kindling all the hedges, but not for him                      FUel vs Fire.
Who runs his engine on a different fuel.
And all the birds are singing, bills wide in vain,               In Vain?????
As Cynddylan passes proudly up the lane.

Ensure that the developmental paragraph (which would be the first following on from your introduction):

• Shows an idea that arises clearly out of your OI (Destruction of physical surroundings/tangible environment???) what about it? CONNECTED TO US??
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• Develops this idea - that you further the idea, telling us more about it and why it may be of significance in relation to the two poems. This idea should arise out of a comparison of the poems. 
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• Your idea shows NOT only how the poems are similar with regard to the idea BUT also the way in which the poems differ in presenting or developing it. 
• Substantiates
• By Analysis - identify the device used, its effect and how it then contributes to meaning
• By referring to how (where appropriate) language, style & form have been used
• By illustration - establishes a pattern in relation to the idea you have analysed
• Consistently moves between the two poems to show how the poems may be similar or in how they differ. 

CAESURA

Remember that while you are considering the similarity between the 2 poems you are also having to show how it is differently manifested.

Industrialisation reaps destruction on nature and, by extension, disrupts the relationship humans have with their surroundings. Both poems end distinctively with this message, however they begin differently. Poem B ends with a rhyming couplet which is almost a repetition of the first couplet, but with the phrase "what is this life if" replaced with "a poor life this is". A contrast is highlighted between the initial mood of the poem which is uncertain, and the conclusion of the poem, which suggests disappointment. Poem A on the other hand begins with the poet seemingly glorifying the tractor which symbolises industrialisation. It allows him to "[ride] to work now as a great man should" as opposed to having a primitive device "[yoke] him to the soil". This highlights the idealization that industrialisation is meant to bring a higher level of civility and sophistication to society. However, in both poems , which both mention squirrels, pastoral imagery is linked to the natural state of the world. Poem B emphasizes that everything in Nature is connected by linking water to celestial images in "streams full of stars, like skies at night". Poem B's fixed form relates nature to the personification of "Beauty's glance", suggesting that nature is beautiful, and inhibiting out "time to see" is restricting the naturalness of human sight.The destructive nature of Industrialisation with man as a tool is embodied in Poem A's description of Cynddylan as " the knight at arms breaking the fields' mirror of silence". This is a contrasting idea because knights are meant to defend but in ridding the animals from their rightful habitat, he is in fact harming the environment. Nature as a "mirror of silence" reinforces the fragility and tranquillity of the environment prior to Industrialisation. The differing tones of both poems in relation to the poets' objection to industrialisation serve to discuss that whether in its ideal form (Poem A) or it's actuality (Poem B), the intended purpose of industrialization not only destroys the physical environment, but also inhibits the natural social environment by extension. 

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• Deals with the poems' subject matter ( Harmful effects brought about by industrialisation on the physical and human environment)
• Has an OI clearly linked to the question's focus - the attitude of the poets to the changes wrought by industrialization. This OI would deal with what is n overarching similarity in their attitudes (it may also imply why this is the case)
• That if relevant you have made clear the differences in each poem relative to how the subject matter and OI are manifested.
• Shows the relationship between the poems' subject matter and the OI.
• Illustrates using relevant quotations - DO NOT use single words; Ensure that your quotations clearly illustrate the point you are trying to make. DO NOT analyse in the introduction

Key Ideas

Destruction of nature AND OUR RELATIONSHIP TO IT ORDER

humans Manifestation of loss of connection to earth/humanity???

wholeness of destruction

Power to machines and loss of humanity.

Tone/ Author's view towards: Disapprove

Similarities: both negative, Pastoral imagery.

Diff: Explicit vs Implicit statement of disapproval, Mood/atmosphere differs, Fixed vs free form CANNOT BE CONTROLLED OR ANTICIPATED

HOW DOES THIS CONTRIBUT TO MEANING

B: iambic tetrameter
Iambic tetrameter's rythm fits the natural movement of our bodies.

SYNtAX???

The poems Cynddylan on a Tractor by R. S. Thomas (Poem A) and Leisure by W. H. Davies discuss the harmful effects brought about by industrialisation on the physical and human environment. Both poets disapprove of the effects of industrialisation, however the atmosphere used in each poem differs. This separates whether the poet's views are implicit, as in Poem A or explicit, as in Poem B. Poem A takes on a taunting mood by masking the underlying disapproval. The seemingly energetic, "ah, you should see Cynddylan on a tractor" is paired with destructive imagery as he "breaks the fields' Mirror of silence". Poem B builds on this by highlighting the loss of human relationship to nature due to "no time to see" the pastoral imagery present in poem B. Industrialisation therefore potently eradicates both the previously tranquil physical and social environment. In doing so, the naturality of the previous state of being is impaired, as is the connection humans have to their own humanity, which is replaced by their connection to machines.

BOTH the introduction and developmental paragraph

• MUST be written in the present tense;
• MUST NOT be repetitive (use a variety of appropriate vocabulary of the correct academic register);
• MUST NOT use first-person in any form; 
• MUST USE appropriate technical vocabulary when analyzing
• MUST NOT only consider diction or imagery - a range of relevant language devices must be considered
• MUST NOT ignore other poetic devices eg: sound, rhyme, rhythm etc, stylistic features and form